Long, fluttering eyelashes are more than just a beauty trend—they’re a symbol of allure and vitality. From ancient Egyptian kohl to modern-day lash serums, the quest for fuller, longer lashes has driven both cosmetic innovation and scientific inquiry. But does anything actually help eyelashes grow? In this comprehensive guide, we’ll unpack the biology of eyelash growth, examine proven treatments, review popular myths, and provide actionable advice so you can make informed decisions about enhancing your natural lashes.
The Science Behind Eyelash Growth
To understand what can help eyelashes grow, it’s essential to first explore how they grow naturally. Eyelashes, like all hair on your body, follow a growth cycle comprised of three main phases: anagen (growth), catagen (transition), and telogen (resting). What sets eyelashes apart is the brevity of their growth phase.
The Eyelash Growth Cycle
- Anagen Phase (Growth): Lasts only 30 to 45 days—much shorter than scalp hair, which can grow for years. During this time, eyelash follicles produce new lash fibers.
- Catagen Phase (Transition): Lasts about 2 to 3 weeks. Hair growth stops, and the follicle begins to shrink.
- Telogen Phase (Resting): Lasts up to 100 days. Old lashes remain in place but are not actively growing, preparing to fall out to make way for new ones.
Because the anagen phase is so short, eyelashes have a natural limit to how long they can become—typically between 8 and 12 millimeters. This biological constraint makes dramatic lash growth challenging without intervention.
How Many Eyelashes Do We Have?
The average person has:
– 90 to 150 upper lashes (arranged in 3 to 5 rows)
– 70 to 80 lower lashes (in a single row)
We lose 1 to 5 lashes daily, a process so gradual that it usually goes unnoticed. Re-growth takes time—anywhere from 4 to 8 weeks—depending on individual and environmental factors.
Can You Stimulate Eyelash Growth? Evidence-Based Options
While genetics, age, and health play major roles in lash growth, science has identified several effective treatments that can enhance length, thickness, and fullness. Let’s look at the most researched and FDA-approved solutions.
Bimatoprost: The Only FDA-Approved Lash Growth Treatment
The gold standard in eyelash enhancement is bimatoprost, originally developed for glaucoma treatment. Patients using the prescription eye drop Latisse® (which contains bimatoprost) frequently reported longer, darker, and thicker lashes as a side effect.
In 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bimatoprost under the brand name Latisse for cosmetic eyelash enhancement—the only product of its kind with official approval.
How it works: Bimatoprost extends the anagen phase of the lash growth cycle. It may also increase the number of hairs produced in each follicle and darken the lash shaft.
Clinical Evidence:
– A 16-week clinical study found participants experienced a 25% increase in length, 106% in thickness, and 18% in darkness.
– Results typically appear within 8 to 12 weeks, with full effects visible after 16 weeks.
Potential Side Effects:
– Eye redness or irritation
– Darkening of the eyelid skin (usually reversible)
– Rarely, permanent darkening of the iris (more common in green or hazel eyes)
– Risk of unwanted hair growth if the solution migrates to other areas
Because of these risks, bimatoprost should only be used under the guidance of a physician and applied precisely with the provided applicator.
Over-the-Counter Lash Serums: Do They Work?
While bimatoprost reigns supreme, numerous over-the-counter (OTC) lash serums dominate the market. These typically contain peptides, vitamins, and conditioning agents aimed at promoting lash health and appearance.
Common Ingredients in OTC Serums:
– Peptides (e.g., myristoyl pentapeptide-17): May stimulate keratin production, which could support stronger lashes.
– Biotin: A B vitamin associated with healthy hair but limited evidence for topical lash enhancement.
– Panthenol (Provitamin B5): Moisturizes and conditions lashes, reducing breakage.
– Hyaluronic acid: Improves hydration and flexibility.
– Castor oil derivatives: Often included for their emollient properties.
While many users report favorable results, most OTC serums lack robust clinical evidence supporting significant lash growth. They are more likely to condition and protect lashes, reducing fallout rather than accelerating growth.
What to Look for in a Lash Serum
- Paraben-free, fragrance-free, and ophthalmologist-tested formulas
- Transparent ingredient labeling
- Products with peer-reviewed or third-party clinical studies
- Avoid serums with prostaglandin analogs unless prescribed (due to potential side effects)
Natural Remedies: What’s Safe and What’s Not?
The internet is full of home remedies promising lash miracles. But do natural methods actually help eyelashes grow, or are they just wishful thinking?
Castor Oil: Popular but Unproven
Castor oil is often touted as a lash growth miracle. Rich in ricinoleic acid, it’s believed to stimulate circulation and condition lashes.
Potential Benefits:
– May reduce lash breakage by strengthening the shaft
– Has emollient properties that protect against dryness
– Anti-inflammatory effects could support follicle health
Limitations:
– No clinical studies confirm castor oil prolongs the anagen phase or increases lash count.
– Thick consistency can lead to clumping and eye irritation; may cause milia (tiny white bumps) around the eyes.
– Risk of introducing bacteria if applied with unclean tools.
If used, opt for cold-pressed, hexane-free castor oil and apply with a sterile applicator before bed.
Coconut Oil and Olive Oil
These oils are widely used for scalp and eyebrow health, but evidence for lash growth is anecdotal.
While they can condition lashes and create the illusion of fuller lashes by reducing brittleness, neither oil contains compounds proven to stimulate growth. In fact, introducing oils near the eye can disrupt the tear film or cause eye irritation in sensitive individuals.
Aloe Vera
Aloe has soothing and antimicrobial properties. Some believe aloe vera juice or gel, when mixed with other ingredients, can promote lash follicle health.
Reality Check: While aloe may support a healthy skin environment, no studies show it increases lash length or fullness.
Bottom Line on Natural Remedies
Natural treatments are generally safe when used cautiously, but should be viewed as part of a lash care routine rather than a growth solution. They help prevent breakage and keep lashes nourished—valuable, but not transformative.
Lifestyle and Health: The Hidden Influencers of Lash Health
Eyelash health reflects overall bodily well-being. Several lifestyle and medical factors impact lash growth, maintenance, and appearance.
Diet and Nutrition
Strong lashes begin with a healthy diet. Key nutrients include:
- Protein: Hair is made of keratin, a protein. Inadequate intake can lead to brittle lashes.
- Biotin (Vitamin B7): Supports keratin infrastructure. Found in eggs, nuts, and sweet potatoes.
- Vitamin E: An antioxidant that protects hair follicles from oxidative stress.
- Vitamin C: Supports collagen production and blood circulation to follicles.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Improve scalp and follicle health. Sources include flaxseed, chia, and fatty fish.
While supplements like biotin are popular, excess intake won’t lead to dramatic growth unless you’re deficient. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting supplements.
Medical Conditions Affecting Lashes
Certain health issues can lead to thinning or loss of eyelashes:
- Hypothyroidism: Slows down hair growth cycles, including lashes.
- Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid can damage follicles.
- Alopecia areata: An autoimmune condition that may cause lash loss.
- Trichotillomania: A psychological disorder involving compulsive hair-pulling.
- Chemotherapy: Can cause temporary but severe lash shedding.
Treating the underlying condition is crucial. If you experience sudden or patchy lash loss, consult a dermatologist or ophthalmologist.
Stress and Sleep
Chronic stress and poor sleep can disrupt hormonal balance, increasing cortisol levels that interfere with hair growth cycles. Practicing stress-reduction techniques—such as meditation, regular exercise, and sufficient sleep—may indirectly support healthier lashes.
What Not to Do: Harmful Practices That Damage Lashes
While we seek ways to grow lashes, some common habits do more harm than good.
Rubbing Your Eyes
Frequent eye rubbing can break lashes and damage follicles. It may also introduce bacteria, increasing infection risk.
Poor Makeup Removal
Sleeping in mascara or using harsh removers can dry out lashes and cause breakage. Always use a gentle, oil-based remover and avoid tugging.
Overuse of Eyelash Curlers
Aggressive curling, especially with heated tools, can weaken the lash shaft. Use a clean, cushioned curler gently and avoid daily use.
Lash Extensions and Adhesives
While lash extensions offer instant volume, they come with risks:
– Heavy extensions put strain on natural lashes, leading to traction alopecia (permanent loss).
– Adhesives may contain formaldehyde or cyanoacrylate, which can cause allergic reactions.
– Improper application or removal can pull out natural lashes.
If using extensions, choose a reputable technician, limit wear time, and allow your lashes to recover between sessions.
Emerging Treatments and Future Innovations
Science continues to explore new ways to enhance lash growth. While still in early stages, these developments hold promise:
Stem Cell and Growth Factor Research
Studies on hair follicle stem cells and dermal papilla cells are investigating ways to reactivate dormant follicles and prolong growth phases. Early laboratory results are encouraging, but human trials are needed.
Peptide-Based Formulas with Enhanced Delivery
Next-generation serums are focusing on nanoparticles and liposomes to improve ingredient penetration into the lash follicle. These technologies may increase the efficacy of peptides and proteins.
Hormonal Regulators
Research into hormones like insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and androgens may lead to topical agents that modulate lash growth pathways without side effects.
While these advances are exciting, they are not yet available to consumers. Always be cautious of products making bold claims about “cutting-edge science” without peer-reviewed support.
Realistic Expectations: What’s Actually Achievable
It’s important to set realistic expectations. Despite marketing hype, **no treatment can radically alter your genetic potential for lash length or density overnight**.
What you can reasonably expect:
– 20–50% increase in lash length with bimatoprost
– Thicker, healthier-looking lashes with conditioning serums
– Reduced shedding through improved care and nutrition
– Temporary enhancement via false lashes or tinting
What’s not achievable:
– Growing lashes several millimeters beyond their natural limit
– Permanent transformation without ongoing treatment
– Eliminating genetic limitations
Putting It All Together: A Holistic Approach to Lash Growth
For optimal eyelash health and potential growth, combine science-backed treatments with a supportive lifestyle and proper care.
Step-by-Step Lash Care Routine
- Cleanse Gently: Use a hypoallergenic eye makeup remover every night.
- Condition (Optional): Apply a safe oil or serum—like castor oil or a peptide serum—3–4 times per week.
- Prescription Option: For significant growth, consult a dermatologist about bimatoprost (Latisse).
- Nourish from Within: Eat a protein-rich diet and stay hydrated.
- Avoid Damage: Limit rubbing, extensions, and aggressive curling.
- Check Health: Rule out medical causes if experiencing unusual lash loss.
Conclusion: What Actually Helps Eyelashes Grow?
So, does anything actually help eyelashes grow? The answer is both encouraging and nuanced.
Bimatoprost is the only treatment with strong scientific and FDA validation for increasing lash length, thickness, and darkness. When used correctly, it delivers noticeable results in a few months. Over-the-counter serums and natural oils may improve lash appearance by reducing breakage and adding shine, but they don’t fundamentally change the growth cycle.
Lifestyle choices—including diet, stress management, and gentle care—play a supportive role. And while future innovations may offer new options, today’s best strategy combines medically proven treatments with consistent, healthy practices.
Ultimately, the goal isn’t just longer lashes—it’s healthier lashes. Whether you choose prescription solutions, natural care methods, or cosmetic enhancements, the key is to protect the delicate tissues around your eyes and make informed choices based on science, not hype.
Remember: Your lashes are more than just beauty accessories. They’re your body’s first line of defense against dust, debris, and irritants. Treat them with care, and they’ll reward you with strength, resilience, and natural allure.
Does applying castor oil help eyelashes grow longer and thicker?
Castor oil is one of the most popular home remedies believed to enhance eyelash growth. Proponents claim that its high concentration of ricinoleic acid, a unique fatty acid, nourishes hair follicles and promotes healthier lashes. While castor oil can improve the appearance of lashes by moisturizing them and reducing breakage, there is no strong scientific evidence proving it stimulates actual growth or increases lash length and thickness beyond their natural potential.
That said, the conditioning properties of castor oil may make lashes look fuller and more resilient over time. It can create a protective barrier that reduces dryness and brittleness, helping lashes retain their natural length. However, any improvements are likely due to enhanced lash health rather than accelerated growth. Individuals with sensitive eyes should use caution, as castor oil can cause irritation or clog follicles if not properly applied.
Are eyelash serums with peptides and prostaglandin analogs effective?
Eyelash serums containing active ingredients like peptides and prostaglandin analogs have shown promising results in clinical studies. Bimatoprost, a prostaglandin analog approved by the FDA for treating hypotrichosis (inadequate lash growth), has been proven to increase lash length, thickness, and darkness when applied regularly. These ingredients work by extending the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle and promoting follicle activity.
Peptides, on the other hand, support lash health by providing essential nutrients to the follicles without the same level of potency as prostaglandins. While generally considered safe, prostaglandin-based serums can have side effects such as eye irritation, darkening of the eyelid skin, or, in rare cases, changes in iris pigmentation. It’s important to use such products under medical supervision and discontinue use if adverse effects occur.
Can nutritional deficiencies affect eyelash growth?
Yes, nutritional deficiencies can negatively impact eyelash growth because hair follicles require specific vitamins and minerals to function properly. Deficiencies in biotin (vitamin B7), iron, zinc, vitamin E, and essential fatty acids have been linked to poor hair health, including thinning or brittle lashes. Since eyelashes are a type of hair, they respond to the same systemic nutritional influences as scalp hair.
Improving diet or supplementing under medical guidance may help restore lash health in cases where deficiency is the underlying cause. For example, biotin supports keratin production, while iron is essential for oxygen transport to hair follicles. However, supplementation should only be pursued after confirmed deficiency, as excessive intake of certain nutrients can lead to adverse health effects and does not necessarily enhance lash growth beyond normal.
Does brushing your eyelashes stimulate growth?
Brushing eyelashes with a clean spoolie or lash comb is not scientifically proven to stimulate growth, but it can help distribute natural oils from the eyelids along the lash shafts. This may improve their condition and reduce tangles, which can minimize breakage and make them appear healthier. Some people believe that gentle brushing increases blood circulation to the follicles, potentially supporting growth, though this remains anecdotal.
While brushing is unlikely to cause harm when done gently, aggressive or frequent manipulation can lead to lash loss due to mechanical stress. It’s important to use a sanitized tool and avoid tugging. If done as part of a broader lash-care routine, brushing can contribute to lash maintenance but should not be relied upon as a standalone method for enhancing growth.
Can mascara and eyelash extensions damage natural lashes?
Frequent use of mascara, especially waterproof formulas, can contribute to eyelash damage if not removed properly. Harsh rubbing or using strong makeup removers may weaken lashes, leading to breakage or fallout. Similarly, eyelash extensions involve bonding synthetic lashes to natural ones, and the added weight, adhesive chemicals, and improper application or removal can strain follicles and cause traction alopecia over time.
To minimize damage, it’s important to use gentle, oil-free cleansers and avoid tugging during makeup removal. If wearing extensions, choose experienced technicians and take breaks between applications to allow lashes to recover. Maintaining good lash hygiene and giving the follicles time to rest can help preserve lash health and prevent long-term thinning.
Is there a connection between stress and eyelash loss?
Yes, high levels of stress can contribute to eyelash thinning or loss through several biological mechanisms. Stress triggers hormonal changes, including increased cortisol, which can disrupt the hair growth cycle and push follicles prematurely into the telogen (resting) phase, a condition known as telogen effluvium. This type of shedding isn’t limited to scalp hair and can affect eyebrows, eyelashes, and other body hair.
Additionally, stress may lead to behaviors like trichotillomania, where individuals unconsciously pull out their hair, including eyelashes. Chronic stress can also aggravate autoimmune conditions such as alopecia areata, which may target lash follicles. Managing stress through mindfulness, sleep, and exercise can support overall hair health, including the maintenance of strong, full lashes.
Do eyelashes grow back after falling out or being pulled out?
In most cases, eyelashes do grow back after falling out naturally or due to minor trauma. The normal lash growth cycle includes phases of growth, regression, and rest, with each lash typically lasting 4 to 11 months before shedding. When a lash is lost, a new one usually begins growing within a few weeks, though the full regrowth process can take 2 to 16 weeks depending on individual factors like age, health, and genetics.
However, repeated pulling, burns, or damage to the follicle from infections or medical conditions may impair regrowth. Conditions like blepharitis or trauma from excessive rubbing can inflame the follicles and delay or prevent new lash growth. If eyelash loss is persistent or patchy, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare provider to rule out underlying medical issues and consider appropriate treatment.